Steam generator

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Steam generator

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PREFACE

Dear friends,
This book was prepared in view of giving assistance to design
engineers entering into the boiler field and to plant engineers whom
I have met always in desire to know the ABC of the boiler design
and related calculations. I have made an attempt in bringing close
relation of practical field design and theoretical syllabus of
curriculum. Engineering students, who always wonder how the
theory studying in curriculum will help them in real life of business.
For them this book will give an inspiration.
I have designed this book in two parts. First, the basic theory of
working fluid in the steam plant cycle. This will be the basic
foundation for development of boiler science. Secondly the main
components of steam generator and its design. Also you can find
various useful data for ready reference at the end of this book.

CONTENTS

· PREFACE……………………………………………………………………….
1.0 TYPES OF STEAM GENERATORS
1.1 Introduction…………………………………………………………………….
1.2 History of steam generation and use………………………………………
1.3 Shell and tube boiler………………………………………………………….
1.4 Conventional grate type boiler……………………………………………….
1.5 Oil/gas fired boiler…………………………………………………………….
1.6 Pulverized fuel boiler………………………………………………………….
1.7 Fluidized bed boiler……………………………………………………………
1.8 Heat recovery steam generator………………………………………………
1.9 Practical guide lines for selection of boiler………………………………….
2.0 STEAM, GAS and AIR
2.1 Introduction……………………………………………………………………
2.2 Definitions for some commonly used terms………………………………
2.3 Steam………………………………………………………………………….
2.4 Fuel……………………………………………………………………………..
2.5 Gas and air…………………………………………………………………….
2.6 Some commonly used dimensionless numbers and their significance….
3.0 FURNACE
3.1 Introduction……………………………………………………………………
3.2 Effect of fuel on furnace……………………………………………………..
3.3 Forced or Natural Circulation……………………………………………….
3.4 Heat flux to furnace walls……………………………………………………
3.5 Points to be noted while designing furnace………………………………
3.6 Classification of furnace…………………………………………………….
3.7 Modes of heat transfer in furnace…………………………………………
3.8 Heat transfer in furnace…………………………………………………….
3.9 Furnace construction……………………………………………………….
3.10 Practical guides for designing fluidized bed, conventional
and oil/gas fired furnace…………………………………………………..
4.0 SUPERHEATER
4.1 Introduction…………………………………………………………………..
4.2 Effect of fuel on super heater design………………………………………
4.3 Points to be noted while designing super heater…………………………
4.4 Classification of super heater……………………………………………….
4.5 Designing a super heater……………………………………………………
4.6 Overall heat transfer across bank of tubes……………………………….
4.7 Steam temperature control…………………………………………………
4.8 Pressure drop………………………………………………………………..
Steam generator Ganesh kumar
5.0 DRUMS
5.1 Intruction…………………………………………………………………….
5.2 Optimal configuration of drums………………………………………………
5.3 Stubs and attachments in the steam drum/shell…………………………..
5.4 Maximum permissible uncompensated opening in drum…………………
5.5 Size of the drum………………………………………………………………
5.6 Drum internals………………………………………………………………..
6.0 EVAPORATOR AND ECONOMISER
6.1 Introduction……………………………………………………………………….
6.2 Difference between evaporator and economiser……………………………..
6.3 Fin efficiency………………………………………………………………………
7.0 AIRHEATER
7.1 Introduction……………………………………………………………………….
7.2 Types of air heater……………………………………………………………….
7.3 Advantages of air heater………………………………………………………..
7.4 Heat transfer in air heater………………………………………………………
7.5 Practical guide lines for designing airheater………………………………….
8.0 DUST COLLECTOR
8.1 Introduction……………………………………………………………………….
8.2 Effects of air pollution……………………………………………………………
8.3 Air quality standards……………………………………………………………..
8.4 Air pollution control devices…………………………………………………….
Centrifugal cyclone dust collector
Bag filter
Electro static precipitator
9.0 WATER CHEMISTRY
9.1 Introduction…………………………………………………………………….
9.2 Names of water flowing in the power plant cycle…………………………..
9.3 Major impurities in water……………………………………………………..
9.4 Effects of various impurities in boiler water………………………………..
9.5 Need for water treatment…………………………………………………….
9.6 External water treatment……………………………………………………..
9.7 Internal water treatment………………………………………………………
9.8 Practical guides for selecting water treatment plant……………………….
10.0 BOILER CONTROLS
10.1 Introduction……………………………………………………………………
10.2 Control philosophy……………………………………………………………
10.3 Drum level control…………………………………………………………….
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Steam generator Ganesh kumar
10.4 Super heater steam temperature control…………………………………..
10.5 Furnace draft control………………………………………………………….
10.6 Combustion control……………………………………………………………
10.7 Field instruments……………………………………………………………..
10.8 Panel instruments……………………………………………………………
APPENDIX 1 : MOLLIEAR CHART
APPENDIX2 : PSYCHROMETRY CHART
APPENDIX3 : FUEL ANALYSIS
APPENDIX4 : STEAM TABLES
APPENDIX5 : POLLUTION NORMS IN VARIOUS INDIAN STATES
APPENDIX6 : USEFUL DATAS
APPENDIX7 : UNIT CONVERSION TABLE