MCQs and Quizzes - Multiple Choice Questions with Answers

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*A 64-year-old man does not respond to his blood-pressure lowering medication despite reliable use. He has cereal with fruit for breakfast, a light lunch, and beef stew or pork chops with potatoes for dinner, and often some fruit yogurt or pudding for dessert. With lunch and dinner he usually has one or two glasses of beer. He usually has some low-fat snacks and beer while watching TV at night. You recommend that he:

  • A. Reduce his potassium intake
  • B. Reduce his calcium intake
  • C. Increase his folate intake
  • D. Drink less beer
  • Correct Answer: Option D

*A 51-year-old woman comes to see you about her weight, which has been slowly rising over the last 10 years to a BMI of 30. You find that she now is consistently hypertensive. The dietary intervention that will probably be most effective is:

  • A. Sodium reduction
  • B. Increased exercise
  • C. 10-15 pound weight loss
  • D. Increased dietary calcium
  • Correct Answer: Option C

What is the recommended maximal amount of daily salt for treatment and prevention of hypertension?

  • A. 30mg
  • B. 300mg
  • C. 1,300mg
  • D. 2,300mg
  • Correct Answer: Option D

*A patient with newly diagnosed hypertension asks about dietary measures to reduce hypertension. You suggest trying the following:

  • A. Use a supplement with iron and zinc
  • B. Use manganese and chromium supplements
  • C. Eat more potassium and calcium-rich foods
  • D. Increase protein and copper intake
  • Correct Answer: Option C

*A 72-year-old black male comes to your office because he had his blood pressure taken at the mall and it was too high. You take his blood pressure on two more occasions and find that it is mildly elevated. You decide as a first step to restrict:

  • A. Caffeine
  • B. Fats and oils
  • C. Hot spices
  • D. Table salt
  • Correct Answer: Option D

What lifestyle intervention can be expected to decrease systolic blood pressure by 8-14mmHg?

  • A. Adding 5 servings of fruit per day
  • B. Following a DASH eating pattern
  • C. Increasing calcium intake
  • D. Limiting alcohol consumption
  • Correct Answer: Option B

A hypertensive patient asks about following a 2,000 calorie DASH eating pattern. How many servings of fruits and vegetables should she eat each day?

  • A. 1-2
  • B. 3-5
  • C. 6-7
  • D. 8-10
  • Correct Answer: Option D

A hypertensive patient asks about following a 2,000 calorie DASH eating pattern. How many servings of fruits and vegetables should she eat each day?

  • A. 1-2
  • B. 3-5
  • C. 6-7
  • D. 8-10
  • Correct Answer: Option D

*A 50-year-old man comes in complaining of lack of energy. He has gained 25 pounds since you last saw him 5 years ago. He has stopped exercising because of knee problems. His blood pressure is significantly elevated since his last visit. You want to assess his intake of sodium. In addition to asking him about salt added to his food, you ask him about his intake of:

  • A. Diet sodas
  • B. Processed foods
  • C. Canned fruits
  • D. Plain frozen vegetables
  • Correct Answer: Option B

*A 66-year-old obese black male comes to see you about his Type 2 diabetes. In looking over his chart, you see that since his last visit he has developed mild hypertension. You check the blood pressure on several more occasions and it is still high. In order to decide how to treat the hypertension, you ask the patient if he is willing to go on a diet to restrict:

  • A. Calcium
  • B. Potassium chloride
  • C. Sodium chloride
  • D. Magnesium
  • Correct Answer: Option C