Pediatrics MCQs

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During a visit, the home care nurse observes a preschool-age client sitting near a fireplace. The client’s clothing catches fire and covers the client in flames. Which action does the nurse take first?

  • A. Obtain water from a sink and pour it on the client
  • B. Immediately wrap the client in a nearby blanket
  • C. Push the client to the ground and make the client roll
  • D. Remove the client's clothing as quickly as possible
  • Correct Answer: Option C

The nurse visits the family with three small children who live in a three bedroom home built in 1952. The nurse counsels the family how to avoid lead poisoning. The nurse determines the teaching is effective if the parent makes which statement?

  • A. "I plan to scrape paint off the walls after the children go to bed tonight."
  • B. "My children eat meals whenever they are hungry."
  • C. "I wet mop all my floors and wash all of the windowsills weekly."
  • D. "I'm going to leave that patch of dirt uncovered so the children will have somewhere to dig."
  • Correct Answer: Option C

A parent of a preschool-aged client calls the clinic to report that the child has been exposed to chickenpox. The nurse informs the parent the incubation period for chickenpox is which length of time?

  • A. 24 hours
  • B. 2-4 days
  • C. 1 month
  • D. 2-3 weeks
  • Correct Answer: Option D

The nurse provides care for a school-age client scheduled for a cardiac catheterization. Which strategy is best for the nurse to use in preparation for the procedure?

  • A. Explain the long-term consequences of the procedure
  • B. Allow time for the client to manipulate the equipment used during the procedure
  • C. Wait until shortly before the procedure to explain it
  • D. Explain the procedure to the client's parents while the client is in the playroom
  • Correct Answer: Option B

The nurse teaches about early signs and symptoms of rubeola that may appear before the notable rash. Which are included in the instructions?

  • A. Diarrhea, intestinal cramps, and anorexia
  • B. Runny nose, sneezing, and coughing
  • C. Itching, fever, and cold sores
  • D. Sore throat, ear pain, and swollen lymph nodes
  • Correct Answer: Option B

The nurse evaluates the parent’s knowledge of the infant client’s immunization schedule. Which statement by the parent indicates a correct understanding of the immunization schedule?

  • A. "My child will receive 4 Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccines as part of the immunization schedule."
  • B. "My child needs 2 hepatitis vaccines, one at 1 month and the other at 4 months."
  • C. "I'm going to let my child get chickenpox and measles rather than have all those painful vaccines."
  • D. "I'm glad the baby can be vaccinated against chickenpox before age 6 months old, so there's no way to catch it from older siblings."
  • Correct Answer: Option A

The nurse understands that, according to Erikson, adolescence is regarded as the period associated with establishment of which developmental goal?

  • A. Sense of trust
  • B. Sense of autonomy
  • C. Sense of identity and intimacy
  • D. Sense of initiative
  • Correct Answer: Option C

Which immunizations does the nurse administer to an adolescent client who has never been immunized?

  • A. MMR, Hepatitis A, and DTaP
  • B. Polio, MMR, and DTaP
  • C. MMR, varicella, and HiB
  • D. Tdap, MMR, and polio
  • Correct Answer: Option D

The nurse recognizes which child is at greatest risk for poisoning?

  • A. A 5-month-old
  • B. A 2-year-old
  • C. A 5-year-old
  • D. A 7-year-old
  • Correct Answer: Option B

A parent of a preschool-aged client diagnosed with frequent acute otitis media asks the nurse why this keep happening to the child. The nurse’s explanation is based on which correct information?

  • A. Children have weaker tympanic membranes
  • B. Children have immature immune systems
  • C. Children have shorter eustachian tubes than adults
  • D. Children frequently introduce foreign substances into the ears
  • Correct Answer: Option C