Medical MCQs
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ACE inhibitors block which of the following in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)?
- A. Renin
- B. Chymase
- C. Kininase I
- D. Angiotensin II
- Correct Answer: Option D
Which of the following calcium-channel blockers is more selective as a vasodilator?
- A. Nifedipine (Procardia)
- B. Verapamil (Covera)
- C. Diltiazem (Cardiazem)
- Correct Answer: Option A
Which of the following drugs for hypertension acts primarily on the dopamine D1 receptors and should be avoided in patients with glaucoma?
- A. Diazoxide (Proglycem)
- B. Minoxidil (Rogaine)
- C. Hydralazine (Apresoline)
- D. Fenoldopam (Corlopam)
- Correct Answer: Option D
Which of the following drugs led to excessive hypotension with a recommendation to give a fixed (high) dose to all patients, which could result in stroke or MI?
- A. Minoxidil (Rogaine)
- B. Diazoxide (Proglycem)
- C. Hydralazine (Apresoline)
- D. Nitroprusside (Nitropress)
- Correct Answer: Option B
Which of the following is NOT true regarding nitroprusside?
- A. It enters red blood cells and liberates cyanide
- B. It dilates arterioles but not venous vessels
- C. It results in increased intracellular cGMP
- D. It rapidly lowers blood pressure
- Correct Answer: Option B
Which of the following opens potassium channels in smooth muscle and must be administered with a beta-blocker and a loop diuretic?
- A. Minoxidil (Rogaine)
- B. Diazoxide (Proglycem)
- C. Hydralazine (Apresoline)
- D. Nitroprusside (Nitropress)
- Correct Answer: Option A
Which of the following is a vasodilator with high first-pass liver metabolism, has pharmacokinetics that include rapid versus slow acetylators, and may cause SLE-like symptoms?
- A. Fenoldopam (Corlopam)
- B. Nitroprusside (Nitropress)
- C. Minoxidil (Rogaine)
- D. Hydralazine (Apresoline)
- Correct Answer: Option D
*Vasodilator therapy does NOT cause orthostatic hypotension or sexual dysfunction because:
- A. They do not affect the parasympathetic system
- B. The sympathetic reflexes are intact
- C. The baroreceptor reflex is blunted
- D. Salt and water retention compensate
- Correct Answer: Option B
*Polypharmacy is rationalized in the administration of vasodilators with antihypertensive medications as each drugs works on one set of interacting, mutually compensatory regulatory mechanisms for maintaining blood pressure.
- A. True
- B. False, one drug should be given at a time
- C. False, vasodilators and antihypertensives oppose each other
- Correct Answer: Option A
What is the first-dose phenomenon seen when administering the alpha1-blocking agents prazosin (Minipress), terazosin (Hytrin), and doxazosin (Cardura)?
- A. Retention of sodium and water
- B. Positive test for antinuclear factor
- C. Drop in standing blood pressure
- D. Extreme dizziness and palpitations
- Correct Answer: Option C