Medical MCQs
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If you were developing a new test to screen applicants for the New Zealand Police, it would be most important that the test showed a high level of:
- A. faith validity.
- B. face validity
- C. construct validity
- D. test-retest validity
- Correct Answer: Option C
An organizational psychologist has asked you for advice on which test(s) to use for screening fire fighter applicants. In particular, they want a test that can identify individuals who show abnormal functioning. Which test would you recommend for them?
- A. Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI).
- B. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 2 Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF).
- C. The OCEAN Five Factor Model Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism).
- D. NEO Personality Inventory 3 (NEO-PI-3).
- Correct Answer: Option B
Which type of work would be most likely to be done by someone who explicitly labels themselves as an exercise psychologist?
- A. Developing a training plan to help a non-athlete take up recreational jogging using a walk/run plan.
- B. Clinical interventions with elite gymnasts who show symptoms of eating disorders.
- C. Working with parents of junior athletes and teaching them how to identify early warning signs of possible psychological issues.
- D. Teamwork building with the local rugby team that has entered the new Under 85kg National Club Cup.
- Correct Answer: Option A
According to recent meta-analyses (as reported in Terry, 2011), which of the following sports psychology phenomena has the largest effect?
- A. The effect of exercise on body image.
- B. The effect of exercise on depression.
- C. The effect of mood on performance.
- D. The effect of anxiety on performance.
- Correct Answer: Option B
Which of the following best summarises Triplett’s dynamogenic theory explaining the superior performance of cyclists in the presence of others?
- A. Other cyclists help with energy conservation.
- B. Competitive instinct releases energy.
- C. The presence of others reduces anxiety.
- D. Repetitive tasks allow for controlled bursts of high performance.
- Correct Answer: Option B
A common disadvantage of electronic health records is:
- A. Patients only have a single health record, which means they cannot misrepresent their medical history when attending a new health practice.
- B. Patients are required to opt-in to the system voluntarily, and effectiveness of the system will be reduced if uptake is low.
- C. Health professionals often face increased administrative burden, including being expected to type notes during consultations with patients.
- D. They generate large quantitative datasets for public health researchers, which are hard to analyse statistically.
- Correct Answer: Option C
A 2019 report showed that a common treatment injury in the Southern DHB region was ‘pressure injuries’, which involve a localized injury to the skin and/or underlying tissue (usually over a bony prominence) as a result of pressure, or pressure in combination with shear and/or friction. This type of injury would be most likely to involve:
- A. Lapses
- B. Skill-based mistakes
- C. Knowledge-based mistakes
- D. Violations
- Correct Answer: Option B
Which type of following scenarios be most likely to involve an error of omission?
- A. A patient experiences a pressure injury during a surgical procedure.
- B. A patient experiences an adverse reaction to prescribed medication, because the wrong dose was administered.
- C. A patient is sent home from their GP s office as having a cold, and then 36 hours later is hospitalised with meningitis.
- D. A patient is incorrectly diagnosed with cancer, based on a false positive test.
- Correct Answer: Option C
The quote ‘errors are not so much causes as consequences’ implies that:
- A. errors are often not accidental but are actually caused by violations.
- B. errors are the last and often least manageable link in a chain of events.
- C. human error is inevitable.
- D. accidents are not truly caused by errors, but by unsafe acts.
- Correct Answer: Option B
Using Reason’s (2005) taxonomy of human failures, a treatment injury that occurred because of inadequate pre-operative assessment would be most appropriately classified as a:
- A. rule-based error
- B. knowledge-based error.
- C. skill-based error.
- D. system-based error.
- Correct Answer: Option A