Nutrition and Transport in Vascular Plants MCQs
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Which of the following would be the most effective strategy to remove toxic heavy metals from a soil?
- A. heavy irrigation to leach out the heavy metals
- B. application of fertilizers to compete with heavy metal uptake
- C. adding plant species that have the ability to take up and accumulate heavy metals
- D. inoculating soil with mycorrhizae to avoid heavy metal uptake
- Correct Answer: Option C
Nitrogen fixation is a process that
- A. recycles nitrogen compounds from dead and decaying materials.
- B. converts ammonia to ammonium.
- C. releases nitrate from the rock substrate.
- D. converts nitrogen gas into ammonia.
- Correct Answer: Option D
Rhizobia, actinomycetes, and cyanobacteria all share the common feature that they can
- A. increase water uptake in plants.
- B. increase nutrient availability in the soil for plants.
- C. kill parasites in the soil
- D. fix atmospheric nitrogen.
- Correct Answer: Option D
Carnivorous plants have evolved mechanisms that trap and digest small animals. The products of this digestion are used to supplement the plant’s supply of
- A. energy.
- B. carbohydrates
- C. minerals
- D. water
- Correct Answer: Option C
What are epiphytes?
- A. aerial vines common in tropical regions
- B. haustoria used for anchoring to host plants and obtaining xylem sap
- C. plants that live in poor soil and digest insects to obtain nitrogen
- D. plants that grow on other plants but do not obtain nutrients from their hosts
- Correct Answer: Option D
The earliest vascular plants on land had underground stems (rhizomes) but no roots. Water and mineral nutrients were most likely obtained by
- A. absorption by hairs and trichomes.
- B. absorption by mycorrhizae.
- C. osmosis through the root hairs.
- D. diffusion across the cuticle of the rhizome.
- Correct Answer: Option B
Hyphae form a covering over roots. These hyphae create a large surface area that helps to do which of the following?
- A. aid in absorbing minerals and ions
- B. maintain cell shape
- C. increase cellular respiration
- D. protect the roots from ultraviolet light
- Correct Answer: Option A
An example of a mutualistic association between a plant and a fungus would be
- A. nitrogen fixation.
- B. Rhizobium infection.
- C. mycorrhizae
- D. parasitic infection.
- Correct Answer: Option C
Upregulation of leghemoglobin biosynthesis in a leguminous species would most likely indicate
- A. the plant is suffering from a mineral deficiency.
- B. the successful inoculation of nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
- C. the plant is suffering from water stress.
- D. an increase in the biosynthesis of amino acids.
- Correct Answer: Option B
You are weeding your garden when you accidentally expose some roots of your pea plants. You notice swellings (root nodules) on the roots, and there is a reddish tinge to the ones you accidentally damaged. Most likely your pea plants
- A. suffer from a mineral deficiency.
- B. are benefiting from a mutualistic bacterium.
- C. are developing offshoots from the root.
- D. contain developing insect pupa.
- Correct Answer: Option B